The laws of Dubai: An ultimate guide for tourists and expats

In this article, we’ll discuss social norms in Dubai and the UAE. We’ll cover important restrictions, highlight key etiquette rules, and outline essential customs regulations. This guide is valuable for anyone planning a vacation to Dubai or seriously considering relocating there. Let’s get started.

Revealing clothing  

The UAE is a nation with conservative traditions, and attire should be chosen with care. Avoid wearing the following:

• excessively tight-fitting clothing; 
• garments with sheer fabrics that expose underwear; 
• outfits with deep necklines; 
• shorts, mini-skirts, tank tops, or any clothing that reveals significant areas of the body, particularly the midriff.

While wearing revealing swimsuits on the beach is permitted, nudity and topless sunbathing are strictly forbidden.

Although these rules are often overlooked due to the lack of resources to enforce them everywhere, the risk of conflict remains. Violating the public dress code could result in a warning, a few hours at a police station, or numerous disapproving glances, which can be unpleasant enough on its own.

Physical contact between men and women  

Any form of physical intimacy between men and women in public is a serious violation of Sharia norms. Holding hands, hugging, kissing, touching exposed body parts, and especially engaging in overtly intimate acts are prohibited in public spaces. While minor infractions may result in a warning, the risks are not worth taking. Serious breaches could lead to hours in police custody or even imprisonment. There have been high-profile cases involving such violations in Dubai. However, with the steady influx of tourists, local authorities are gradually becoming more lenient about these issues.

Consuming alcohol in public places  

Alcohol consumption is only allowed in licensed establishments such as clubs, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Drinking outside these venues is strictly forbidden – for example, you cannot enjoy a glass of wine on a public beach or a beer at a park picnic.

UAE laws also impose penalties for both disruptive behavior while intoxicated and simply being drunk in public. Punishments can include up to six months in jail or a fine of up to $550.

Consuming food and drinks in public during Ramadan  

Ramadan is a sacred month for Muslims, observed with a strict fast from dawn to sunset. During this time, eating, drinking, smoking, and engaging in intimate activities are prohibited in public during daylight hours. While UAE law does not require non-Muslims to follow these rules, it strictly forbids public consumption of food, drinks, chewing gum, or tobacco throughout the fasting period – even in private vehicles. Violations can result in up to one month in jail or fines of up to $270. However, exceptions are made for children, individuals with medical conditions, and pregnant or nursing women.

That said, there’s no need to starve – most restaurants and cafes remain operational, offering discreet dining options indoors. Alcohol sales also continue as usual during Ramadan.

Photographing people without consent  

Privacy is highly respected in Dubai, and taking photos requires caution. Capturing someone on camera without their permission can result in up to seven years of imprisonment, especially if the images are shared on social media. Unauthorized audio recordings are equally prohibited. It’s best to avoid photographing or filming people entirely to steer clear of legal trouble.

Photographing government buildings  

In addition to individuals, photographing military sites, government buildings, embassies, courts, private residences of officials, and any other state-related infrastructure, including vehicles, is strictly forbidden. Sharing such images online can lead to significant consequences.

Filming accidents and incidents  

Dubai authorities prioritize the city’s image, restricting the dissemination of material that could tarnish its reputation. This includes photos or videos of road accidents, plane crashes, train derailments, or any transportation-related incidents. Penalties for violations can reach up to $816,000 in fines and deportation.

Any form of personal insult – ranging from rude gestures to profanity – is taken seriously in Dubai. Unlike in many countries where such behavior might be overlooked, it can lead to criminal charges here, particularly if the conflict occurs in public or involves a local resident. Using foul language can result in fines of up to $2,700 or up to one year in jail, while showing an obscene gesture, such as the middle finger, can lead to immediate deportation.

A crucial note: this rule applies not only in public spaces but also online. Even inappropriate emojis in messages or on social media are considered offensive and can incur hefty fines.

Criticism of the government and royal family  

Dubai enforces strict censorship laws, making it illegal to publicly criticize or mock the Sheikh, his family, the government, police, officials, or any other members of the state apparatus. This prohibition extends to all public institutions, laws, and cultural norms in the UAE.

Civil marriage  

Cohabitation between a man and woman outside of marriage is strictly prohibited in the UAE. This applies to both locals and tourists – simply sharing a hotel room together is considered a serious offense. The nature of the relationship does not matter: the law applies to romantic partners as well as friends. Enforcement of this law is strict, and violators face severe consequences, ranging from fines to imprisonment.

Dirty cars  

Yes, local legislation includes a specific rule regarding the cleanliness of personal vehicles. According to the law, dirty cars «damage the city’s image and harm public health». No exceptions are made for frequent sandstorms, so regular visits to the car wash are essential. Vehicles in poor condition may be towed to impound lots, and owners could face fines of up to $800.

Etiquette rules  

Now that we’ve covered the legal restrictions, let’s talk about the etiquette in Dubai. Here’s a brief guide with key points to keep in mind when interacting with the local residents:

• Whenever possible, use only your right hand for interactions – whether eating, opening doors, or handing over objects. The left hand is traditionally considered unclean and its use may be seen as disrespectful. 
• A Muslim woman may initiate a handshake, but she also reserves the right to refrain from doing so.
• Do not offer alcohol as a gift. 
• Prolonged eye contact or exchanging compliments with someone of the opposite sex is considered inappropriate. 
• Avoid criticizing Islam, the government, or local traditions. 
• Only Muslims are allowed to visit mosques or touch the Quran. 
• Avoid postures that expose the soles of your shoes to others.

What is prohibited to import:

• Items that contradict Muslim ethics and morals. 
• Gambling items. 
• Products from Israel or other boycotted countries. 
• Poultry. 
• Pork.
• Certain species of birds, dogs, and any animals covered by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. 
• Large quantities of medication, especially those containing analgesics or opiates.

Note: Before bringing any medication into the UAE, ensure it is not banned and carry a doctor’s prescription. The UAE has strict drug laws, and the list of controlled and prohibited substances is extensive. Special caution should be taken with painkillers, analgesics, and any medications containing psychoactive substances.

What must be declared:

• Books, photographs, CDs, and DVDs to combat religious extremism.
• Jewelry and precious metals valued over $16,000 per person. 
• Gifts exceeding $800 in total value. 
• Sharp objects and weapons. 
• Plants, trees, and soil.
• Pets.

What does not need to be declared:

• Gifts worth no more than $800.
• Cameras, film, and accessories. 
• Telescopes. 
• Portable electronics: phones, laptops, tablets, players, headphones, etc.; strollers and wheelchairs. 
• Sports equipment. 
• Portable music equipment.

Pet requirements:

• Pets must have an ISO 11784 microchip.
• Dogs must be vaccinated against rabies between 21 days and 12 months prior to entry, with proof of vaccination. 
• Cats must be vaccinated against calicivirus, panleukopenia, and rhinotracheitis, with supporting documentation. 
• Pets must undergo a visual health check within 24 hours before arrival in the UAE.

Conclusion  

Are you interested in buying a property in Dubai, whether for personal living or investment? We are here to help. Visit our homepage to explore dozens of up-to-date listings in the Dubai real estate market. Request a callback below, and our experts will find the most suitable options for you while guiding you through all the legal nuances. With love and no commission.